In this post I’m going to talk about other modern movement
of the 20th century starting with the Surrealism then the
Expressionism and finally the De Stijl.
Surrealism:
As I said in the previous post, after Tristan Tzara (from
the Dada movement) arrived in Paris, he met Andre Breton, and together they started to discuss their theories
which Andre started to call them Surrealism. Andre is the founder of this
movement which was founded in Paris together with a group of writers and
artists.
 |
| Andre Breton |
Although this movement evolved from the Dada movement it had
a different philosophy. While the Dada was a bit negative, the Surrealism had a
positive philosophy and wasn’t about politics as much as the Dada movement. In
the beginning Surrealism focused only on literature, but by time it started to
evolve in other types of visual arts such as: painting and sculpture.
The aim
of this movement was “to generate an
entirely new set of imagery by liberating the creative power of the unconscious
mind”. In other words, it gave the freedom to the artist to do their work
differently from the usual type of art.
Some artist of this movement are:
Joan Miro: a
Spanish painter and printmaker
 |
| Joan Miro |
 |
| Joan Miro work (The Tilled Field) |
Salvador Dali: a
Spanish painter and printmaker
 |
| Salvador Dali |
 |
| Salvador Dali work (The Persistence of Memory) |
Rene Magritte: a
Belgian painter
 |
| Rene Magritte |
 |
| Rene Magritte work (The Treachery of Images) |
Max Ernst: a
German painter and sculptor
 |
| Max Ernst |
 |
| Max Ernst work (The Elephant Celebs) |
Man Ray: an
American filmmaker, painter, photographer
 |
| Man Ray |
 |
| Man Ray work (Le Violon D'Ingres) |
Expressionism:
This movement started mainly in 1905, by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner who was the
leader of a group of German artists called Die
Brücke (The Bridge). Before this, between 1885 and 1900 the Expressionism
started its roots by some artist who started to explore a bit with this style
in their works, but it was pushed and more used since Ernst made his group.
 |
| Ernst Ludwig Kirchner |
The aim of this movement wasn’t to depict object reality,
but the tendency was to depict the subjective emotions and personal responses
within that object.
Some artist of this movements are:
Max Beckmann: a
German painter, printmaker and draftsman.
 |
| Max Beckman |
 |
| Max Beckman work (The Night) |
Otto Dix: a
German painter and printmaker
 |
| Otto Dix |
 |
| Otto Dix work (The War) |
Lyonel Feininger: a
German painter
 |
| Lyonel Feininger |
 |
| Lyonel Feininger work |
George Grosz: a
German draftsman and painter
 |
| George Grosz |
 |
| George Grosza work (The Explosion) |
Graphic Design Example:
 |
| Expressionism Style Cover |
De Stijl:
This movement was originated in 1917 by Theo Van Doesburg in Netherland. It was created in a way, as a
reaction against the decorative excesses of Art Deco. The artists within this
movement (De Stijl) where restricted to the basic visual elements such as;
straight lines and right angles (geometric forms), and as colours they need to
use black and white and the primary colours.
 |
| Theo Van Doesburg |
After Theo Van Doesburg’s died in 1931, De Stijl started to
fade slowly until it ended. Although the movement wasn’t still on going by this
time, its ideas were kept by some artists.
Artist’s members of this movement:
Piet Mondrian: a
Dutch painter, who was also one of the founders of De Stijl.
 |
| Piet Mondrian |
 |
| Piet Mondrian work (Broadway Boogie Woogie) |
J.J.P.Oud: a
Dutch architecture
 |
| J.J.P. Oud |
 |
| J.J.P. Oud work |
Vilmos Huszar: a
painter and designer. He also introduced the Gestalt (the emphasis to the
relationship between parts that created the perception of a whole).
 |
| Vilmos Huszar |
 |
| Vilmos Huszar work |
Graphic Design Examples:
 |
| De Stijl Style |
 |
| De Stijl Style |
The art story, 2015,
Surrealism Movement (online):- http://www.theartstory.org/movement-surrealism.htm (Accessed 4th November 2015)
Visual arts cork, n.d,
Surrealism Movement (online):- http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/history-of-art/surrealism.htm
(Accessed 4th November 2015)
The art story, 2015,
Joan Miro (online):- http://www.theartstory.org/artist-miro-joan.htm
(Accessed 4th November 2015)
The art story, 2015,
Salvador Dali (online):- http://www.theartstory.org/artist-dali-salvador.htm
(Accessed 4th November 2015)
The art story, 2015,
Rene Magritte (online):- http://www.theartstory.org/artist-magritte-rene.htm
(Accessed 4th November 2015)
The art story, 2015,
Max Ernst (online):- http://www.theartstory.org/artist-ernst-max.htm
(Accessed 4th November 2015)
The art story, 2015,
Man Ray (online):- http://www.theartstory.org/artist-ray-man.htm
(Accessed 4th November 2015)
Britannica, 12th
March 2014, Expressionism (online):- http://www.britannica.com/art/Expressionism (Accessed on 4th November 2015)
Art Movements, n.d,
Expressionism (online):- http://www.artmovements.co.uk/expressionism.htm (Accessed on 4th November 2015)
The art story, 2015,
Max Beckmann (online):- http://www.theartstory.org/artist-beckmann-max.htm (Accessed on 4th November 2015)
The art story, 2015,
Otto Dix (online):- http://www.theartstory.org/artist-dix-otto.htm (Accessed on 4th November 2015)
Art Cylopedia, n.d,
Lyonel Feininger (online):-http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/feininger_lyonel.html (Accessed on 4th November 2015)
The art story, 2015,
George Grosz (online):- http://www.theartstory.org/artist-grosz-george.htm (Accessed on 4th November 2015)
The art story, 2015,
De Stijl (online):- http://www.theartstory.org/movement-de-stijl.htm (Accessed on 5th November 2015)
The art story, 2015,
Piet Mondrian (online):- http://www.theartstory.org/artist-mondrian-piet.htm (Accessed on 5th November 2015)
No comments:
Post a Comment